1. In a prospective, controlled and blind study, nineteen patients between 24 and 42 years of age, with semen abnormalities in concentration, morphology and/or progressive motility without apparent cause, were randomized into two groups and submitted to acupuncture and moxa treatment at the therapeutic (Study Group) and the indifferent points (Control Group), respectively, for 10 weeks. The Chinese Traditional Medicine acupuncture and moxa techniques significantly increased the percentage of normal-form sperm in infertile patients with oligoastenoteratozoospermia.

Gurfinkel E , Cedenho AP , Yamamura Y , Srougi M. Effects of acupuncture and moxa treatment in patients with semen abnormalities. Asian J Androl. 2003 Dec; 5(4):345-8.

2. Forty men with idiopathic oligospermia, asthenospermia, or teratozoospermia were divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group consisted of twenty eight patients. This group received acupuncture twice a week for a period of 5 weeks. The samples from the treatment group were randomized with semen samples from the 12 men in the untreated control group. A significant increase was found in the percentage and number of sperm without ultrastructural defects after the course of acupuncture treatment.

Pei J , Strehler E , Noss U , Abt M , Piomboni P , Baccetti B , Sterzik K. Quantitative evaluation of spermatozoa ultrastructure after acupuncture treatment for idiopathic male infertility. Fertil Steril. 2005; 84(11):141-7.

1. Patients with male factor infertility and varicocele were treated with a Chinese herbal medicine for three months. Following treatment, there was an 80% disappearance rate of the varicocele. Sperm motility and count were increased following treatment as well.

Ishikawa H; Ohashi M; Hayakawa K; Kaneko S; Hata M. Effects of guizhi-fuling-wan on male infertility with varicocele. American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 1996; 24(3-4):327-31.

2. Sixty patients with varicocele following varicocelectomy were randomly divided into two groups. Thirty patients were treated with a Chinese herbal formula, and 30 patients in the control group were treated with intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropine (hCG). The pregnancy rate of patient's wives in the group treated with Chinese Medicine was 76.6%, while that in the control group was 40.0%.

Yan LF , Jiang MF , Shao RY. Clinical observation on effect of jingling oral liquid in treating infertile patients with varicocele after varicocelectomy. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004; 24(3): 220-2.